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Wednesday, May 26, 2010

Parenting the Older Adopted Child



Last week, I wrote about our  Misadventure That Could Have Ended in a Tragedy.


At the end of the post, I was pondering the following questions ...




"How do we teach a child not to do something, if that something would never cross our minds to do?"

"How do we train a child in 'critical thinking' skills?"

"How do we make up for the many, many years of lost parenting, without having our house burn down in the process?"



These questions have continued to plague me throughout the past week.  Papa and I have discussed them almost daily.  We have discussed them often over the past 2 years.  But, we have not found a whole lot of answers yet.

If you have adopted an Older Child ... a child who lived for 5+ years without the loving care of a family ... have you run into the same questions/concerns?  Have you found any answers?

We LOVE our girls dearly!!!  They are ... sweet, precious, well-behaved, obedient, hard workers, etc...  We are BLESSED to have them in our family!!!  Yet ... at times ... though their birth certificates say they are 8 and 11 (and we know they are actually even older) ... their minds often seem stuck in preschool mode.

I am not wanting in any way to be critical of their character or personality.  It's not that at all.  We do not see them as "immature" in a bad way ... but, in reality, their minds are very immature.  Does that make sense?

Some examples ...

#1  Rachel fell out of the van 2 summers ago, and landed on her face on the concrete.  As we cleaned up the bloody nose, we nonchalantly asked, "Why didn't you put your hands out when you fell?"  Her response, "No one ever taught me to put my hands out."  What is hard to understand, is that I have never taught any of my 12 children to "put your hands out when you fall"; it's just something that they instinctively do.

#2  Rachel fell off the swing last summer.  She had seen her brother Elijah standing on the swing, so she decided to follow his example.  While swinging standing up, she decided to sit down.  So ... she let go.  Yes ... she just let go.  No one had ever taught her that she should stop the swing before sitting down.  Oh my!

#3  J. broke a big bedroom window last summer.  He was in the front yard.  He saw a bird.  He picked up a rock, and decided to throw it at the bird.  He didn't really notice that the bird was flying right in front of a big window.  I guess no one ever taught him not to throw rocks at birds or windows.  

#4  Sarah broke a window a week ago.  Her response to the window breaking was a very typical 2 year old response.  She completely fell apart emotionally, something that she had never done before.  Because she works so very hard to be the "good child", she didn't know what to do when suddenly she did something "bad".  I wasn't angry.  She wasn't in trouble.  But, she completely beat herself up emotionally over her error in judgment.  Her emotions were very much preschool emotions.  So sad!

#5  Last week, Rachel wrapped the towel around the night light, which could have easily caused the house to burn down while we were sleeping that night (if the Lord hadn't led me to find it).  When questioned, she said, "No one ever told me not to put a towel on a night light." Again, I have never taught any of my children that.  They just knew.

I know this is not really a unique parenting situation for older child adoptions.  Sadly, it is something that many families unexpectedly face.  Yet, the mothers that I have talked to haven't really found any answers, either.  The day after our night light incident, I spoke with the mother of a 14 year old from Ethiopia.  This mother said, "Oh. Yes. I have to treat her much like a 5 year old."  This mother actually had thought that it would have been nice to have bio. kids around her age.  However, I shared the flip side of that equation:  it is really hard to have bio. kids that are given much more freedoms and responsibilities because they have had so many years of training.  When the adopted child is the same age as the bio. child, that brings with it daily reminders of "I'm sorry, but your brother has had 8 years of training already.  I can't allow you to do that yet."

I would love to hear your thoughts, incites, and questions about this adoptive parenting challenge ...

22 comments:

  1. Though ours were 3 and 5 when they came home we have many of the same types of issues. Not bad, just poor reasoning.

    Now 4 1/2 years later we are still working on it. I am really starting to think that if you assume they are say 2 years old reasoning mentality in a 5 year old body---they will progress along the lines of a two year old. Meaning that my almost 10 year old really has a reasoning age of a 7 year old at this point.

    Yes he has learned, but that training takes time and they can not absorb it all at once, even if thier age says they should know that. I am sure there will be a point where that will level out for him, but for now we are all safer and more sane if I try to remember this formula.

    Also remembering that what we learn as small children in survival mode will not be easily retrained, like trust, feeling safe, feeling full, having hurts healed, and a mom to hug!

    So we keep on keeping on to heal the wounded hearts, much as Jesus does with us everyday.

    Keep up the good work my friend,
    Donna

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  2. Thanks Donna ... I guess what I struggle with is how to help them advance in age.

    (for example) If I had an actual 2 year old, I would just go into their room and pack their clothes for them. With an 8 year old that is so young mentally, I want to teach her how to pack her own clothes. But, even after 2 years of training, there seems to be such a disconnect between the training and the mental ability to accomplish the task. It would be easier to just pack her clothes for her; but I want to continue to train. It's hard to know what she is mentally capable of. If I know she isn't capable of something, I truly wouldn't mind packing her clothes for her when she is 20. But ... if she is capable, than I want to push through with the training. Just hard to find the balance.

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  3. My kids are not adopted, but one (8 year old son) has ADHD and I see some parallels with the impulsivity... I could totally see him throwing a rock without thinking about where it could land. You might want to do a literature search on some of the techniques used to teach executive functioning skills for ADHD kids. There's a term I've heard called scaffolding, where you break the skill (eg, remembering to turn in finished homework) down into steps. At first you nag them with each step, but over time your reminders decrease gradually until they are able to take it over.
    (I'm not sure if you are familiar with the term 'executive functioning'. If you are, ignore this. If you are not, it's like the little guy in your brain that acts like your executive assistant... reminders to do certain things at certain times, reminders to be careful in traffic, all that 'common sense' stuff that most of us just pick up as we mature but some kids really need it taught at a more obvious level).
    Good luck!

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  4. aahh....I get this. Our 16 year old daughter from Ethiopia (we dont know if it's her actual age, close we think), is just 6 months older (again, all we have to go on is a made up birth date) than our bio son, and we have the same kinds of issues. They both have cell phones. Our son is very responsible and has never broken, or lost his. she on the other hand, loses hers all the time. Same with the MP3 players. She tends to forget things..to turn lights off, to turn fans on when showering, to close the dryer door when she takes laundry out,etc. our bio chldren are just much more responsible in almost every area...thye've been trained since birth in what is expected of them. I think that living in an orphanage for most of your childhood causes you to miss out on the simple daily tasks that allow one to grow in maturity in certain areas. I believe many of these kids just dont have the opportunity for the "life skills" training that occurs in normally daily living within a family structure.
    And as far as advice? I have none. I havent figured this out. We just give constant reminders now. We have expectations for her to take care of her things, to become more responsible for her actions. We homeschool as well, and more than anything else, I am focusing on language skills and life skills. Our daughter needs these in order to simply get through life in America now.

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  5. Oh, I totally get this too.

    One of our sons from Ghana is this way. It's like there is a lack of cause and effect thinking. I was just asking someone the other day how you would teach someone this.

    This child can't use the oven, washing machine, or other things our children close in age can. If one scoop of detergent is good five must be better ;o) He has the sweetest spirit and loves to please, but many times there is no critical thinking involved in his decisions. I hope and pray it comes with time.

    His brother is the complete opposite. he catches on so quickly and after being home for over two years he tells *me* how things work and can predict outcomes with incredible astuteness.

    So, I'm not sure the how or why but I have heard this from other adoptive parents.

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  6. I don't have this issue with any of my kids, but I have had it in the past with an adult. My daughter had a PCA (personal care assistant) who happened to be from Kenya. She was older, probably in her 60's. We were constantly having problems with her breaking things because of not having what we thought was common sense, even after we "taught" her what we expected of her. She could never remember to empty ling fromt he dryer, was always breaking dishes because she wasn't gentle enough, was always forgetting what time she was supposed to be at work (even though it was the same time every day), etc. Hearing stories about you kids makes me wonder if the culture in some areas of Africa just has such a completely differenty type of common sense thatn ours, that makes it very difficult to understand what we would consider to be common sense.

    I don't know if that made much sense, but there you have it anyway. :)

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  7. Thank you to everyone for this discussion. Sometimes I'll try to tell friends how life is at our house (usually when they ask me how we are) & I feel incredibly frustrated when they brush me off as "oh my kids are just like that too". It is very disheartening to feel alone & misunderstood this way. Knowing someone else understands is such great medicine! Thank you! :)

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  8. My 10 year old is from Tennessee :) She was in foster care with us from age 5 to 8 and then we were finally able to adopt her.
    She was this way to an extreme when she first came. She is so much better now! I would say she is functioning on an 8 year old level emotionally and socially.
    We also have to break things down into small steps and go at it like that. I still have a list for her to check off in the mornings so she will remember to put on underwear, bra, deoderant, lotion, brush teeth, that kinda thing.

    She has gotten a lot better about safety issues. She did not even look to cross the street when she came to us. Scared me silly a few times.

    Stay at it!!!!! Oh and ALWAYS check and double check LOL

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  9. Mine has the same issues, she is adopted from foster care, I believe it is due to brain damage, neurological issues, executive functioning. I'm guessing some of it was inherited and maybe that's why the bio family has a lot of similar issues.
    I only have one so my solution is to supervise her very closely and have her near me all the time, since I can't trust her impulses.
    The way I tell if its something she is or isn't capable of, is by testing it with something she really wants. Like if I offer her a reward that she really wants, and she is able to do the task, then she is capable. But if she can't get herself to do something even if she really wants to, then I know she is not capable yet.

    For example, she seems to be able to do things in small steps with lots of redirection. But longer term goals she can't seem to get herself organized to accomplish. Like allowance, she really really wants it, I tell her she can get it if she behaves and if she remembers to ask for it on the weekends. She rarely remembers on her own, even though she really wants it. But if I remind her a few hours before to remember to ask for it later, only then she remembers.

    Similarly with Halloween candy, she totally forgets about it even though she loves it. So I know she is not capable of keeping track of things on her own.

    Also with tantrums, sometimes she throws them and later feels really bad and seems like she was out of control, then I know she can't totally control it. But if I say, stop it by the time I count to 5 otherwise no tv, and she is able to stop, then I know that today or this particular time, she does have some control.

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  10. GREAT to hear from all of you today!!! Thanks for sharing your stories. It's always good to know that we aren't walking this journey alone.

    Anita ... thank you so much for sharing about "executive functioning". I've never heard of it, but it really makes sense. We do break things down into smaller tasks, but I appreciated your explanation.

    Cindy ... Yes. Life skills are a big part of our homeschooling. We're about to start going through some old preschool and kindergarten "Health & Safety" curriculum with both of the girls. And, yes, the challenge of raising what we call "virtual twins", with huge differences in their mental and social capabilities.

    Renee ... Thanks so much for sharing. I actually thought of you when I was writing the post and thought, "I'm sure Renee doesn't have these issues." LOL at the "if 1 scoop of detergent is good, than 5 must be better". No, our girls can't use the oven, washing machine, dishwasher, or kitchen knives, either.

    Heather ... Wow! Your story was so interesting. Yes, I believe there are a LOT of cultural things. For instance when you said that she could never remember what time to come to work (even though it was the same every day) ... our girls have absolutely no understanding of time. I believe that their village culture was pretty much devoid of time. The sun comes up ... the sun goes down ... the hot season arrives ... the rainy season arrives ...

    Patty ... I'm so glad that this discussion was an encouragement to you! It is so very hard when our friends don't understand what life is really like behind the closed doors of our homes. Even our closest friends don't really see the little details of our daily life that can be so very challenging.

    Jessica ... I think this may be your first time commenting. Welcome! Yes ... lists are a good thing. :) And, yes, my children would walk right out in the street in front of cars, as well. Right now, that is one of the big daily differences between the bio. boys and the adopted girls: the bio. boys can ride their bicycles in the street ... the girls must stay in the alley or on the sidewalk next to our house. While I feel badly that we can't allow them to do all that the brothers do, it is a huge safety issue. So hard.

    a ... Thank you so much for all of your insights. Good stuff to think about. I really like how you try to discern whether or not your daughter is capable of something.


    Thanks again! I look forward to further discussion. And ... 2 more posts coming up about Older Child Adoption, in the next week.

    Laurel :)

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  11. I believe there are two factors that come into play.

    One-the children are naive. We had an adult Ugandan break our car door handle because he had never opened a car door before. Or, a toilet seat busted because the person thought you stood on the toilet seat (like a pit latrine of sorts). This is just the beginning of a long list of things we have had broken because of someone being naive.

    Secondly-the children are acting out of foolishness. Reading throughout the proverbs explains a lot foolish behavior/actions. And it is our ministry as parents to direct our children away from the path of foolishness onto the path of wisdom--and for most of these older adopted children, they spent the good part of their formative years without such direction.

    There is hope, however. We have a son that we brought home just 4 months ago who is 7+ years old. He grew up in the deep bush. He had never seen a toilet, bed, utensils, etc. And yet today he uses the toilet (and even wipes the pee off the seat). He has wonderful table manners. And makes his bed each morning.

    It takes time, a lot of patience and discipline to teach wisdom. But one day our children will thank us for it.

    "Wise choices will watch over you. Understanding will keep you safe." Proverbs 2:11

    Love from the North,
    Summer

    "

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  12. P.S. I would like to post a link on my blog to this post.

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  13. Summer ... Thanks so much for joining in the discussion, from Africa. Love to hear your insights.

    Yes ... at first, we certainly understood that our children were naive. (I have a post coming next week about all of the things we had to teach our children in the first weeks, incl. how to use a toilet, how to hold a fork, etc...) However, after 2 years of calm and consistent training, we are getting concerned that there is much more going on (or not going on) with their brains. Did they miss out on brain connections because of malnutrition? Certainly possible.

    Yes ... all children also have much foolishness bound up in them, and we work consistently to teach and to train in the ways of wisdom. We read from the Proverbs, OFTEN. :) I guess our most difficult area of discernment is to figure out when it is foolishness vs. when their little brains are just not comprehending the training that we have done.

    Yes ... there is HOPE. We have not given up hope. We are just a bit discouraged, as we seek wisdom from the Lord in how to parent through these challenges.

    Thanks again for your insights!!! Blessings to you and the family in Uganda!!!

    Laurel :)

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  14. PS: While Summer has adopted quite a few young children, it is even more discouraging when you bring home pre-teens and teenagers and find them acting like preschoolers. It's so hard to know how to "catch up" when they have lost 10+ years of teaching and training.

    While I do homeschool all of my children, I was hoping to have the girls take some part time classes next year. Then, I realized that Sarah would be in Middle School. Oh my! She is So. Not. Ready. socially or emotionally for the Middle School peer group (especially since our middle school and high school take classes together). I just can't picture Sarah taking a class with 17 y.o. Ben and his friends. Is she ready to run on the middle school track team next year? At this point, I certainly don't think so.

    Sad.

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  15. Please forgive me if I came across as having a lot of experience. I am speaking from the experience we have had with our 7+ year old son.

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  16. No offense taken. Just wish I could have brought my children home at younger ages. (Not at all that I wish I had adopted younger children ... just wishing that my children hadn't had to spend so very many years without loving parents.) It's hard when you have a daughter that is, on the one hand, a "young lady" ... and on the other hand, still so very, very young.

    :) :) :)

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  17. Mama D,
    Oh how I understand. This was NOT something anyone prepared us for.
    Our older child from Eastern Africa is no longer with us, but I sure remember those types of things. Sadly, there were other factors..safety issues that kept us from being able to adopt her.
    I really appreciate this post. Found it from Summer's blog.
    Blessings.

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  18. Good post. One of my kids from a disrupted adoption told me during a crying episode when she was grieving her old family,

    "I didn't know that doing all that stuff (breaking things, hiding things, stealing things, lying. . .etc) was mean, they never told me!"

    She was serious.

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  19. Holly ... I don't know if you've been reading long, but we also had an older child that we could not keep in our home due to safety issues. So. Hard.

    MomInTheTrench ... so, are you saying that the first adoptive family didn't tell this child that these things were wrong to do? How sad! How could they expect any better behavior if they weren't teaching and training her? We do a LOT of calm, consistent, teaching & training ... but, sometimes the girls still just "don't get it".

    Thanks for sharing your stories!

    Laurel

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  20. Mama D.

    I totally get what you are saying! We adopted our first siblings at 4, 5, and 7 (but, really, they were/are a year older) and our second set of siblings at 2,3,6,8,10, and 12 - so, we've been and are currently dealing with these very same issues.

    You've had lots of great comments so far. I definitely agree w/ Summer's thoughts on this too. Here are a few more things I've thought of:

    Biological age is not what we use to determine responsibilities, priveleges, chores, bedtimes, etc. . . We DO have children close in age who have TOTALLY different expectations, privileges, and responsibilities! We just explain: "E is ready to do this. When you have self-control and maturity for this, you will be able to do it too."

    One thing that helped w/ the weirdness of having my 2 six year olds have totally different parenting was just moving bedrooms around. My 6 year old who is really more like a 4 year old moved in w/ the babies (ages 2 and 3) and my 6 year old who is more like 8 shares a room w/ the 10 year old. This has helped them not to feel so much like they have to "be" the same age and it also has helped my husband and I to view and treat our "younger" 6 year old as a younger child. . .

    which brings me to my next point:

    Something that seems to have helped develop the common sense and critical thinking process in our older adopted children is us, as parents, REALLY going back and doing a lot of re-parenting them LIKE they were much younger. We have rocked, sang, fed bottles, held, taught, trained, etc. . . all of our older adopted children much in the same way we would a toddler (even our oldest 2!). While it is a little strange, it has seemed to really help AND, it doesn't go on forever. In conjunction with this, we have intentionally withheld and not sought out the things that most other 10-12 year olds are doing and have had their entire focus be completely around our family (much like a 4 year olds focus would be entirely around family). Does that make sense?

    Lastly, we have disciplined for foolishness. Sometimes, our older adopted children are quite good at playing dumb which for us has sometimes been: "but, I didn't hear you. . . " or "I not know. . . " it sounds so innocent and like they are so sincere, but upon further questioning and investigation, we have come to realize that they really did know or did hear. Could it possibly be that the "but no one ever told me that ____" is a little bit of them playing dumb in order to gain sympathy and/or to avoid discipline for a foolish or disobedient choice?

    Sometimes, our older adopted children intentionally do weird things like hurt themselves (like falling out of the van w/o putting their hands out) to gain attention and sympathy. I have found that when I give them a quick: "Oh, too bad! Are you going to be O.K.?" with a happy voice and a quick kiss on the head, they tend to kind of perk up and go on with it. If they pout, I pretty much ignore it (but not w/ a mean spirit, of course) and/or tell them that they are free to pout on their bed and to come and find me when they are ready to talk or do something else fun or helpful. Funny how they get right over it!

    Hopefully something there might be helpful. It's definitely a journey for us every day and we are all learning.

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  21. I aboslutely agree with several of the comments above, esp. Jen. We have had to treat our 9 year old (adopted from Ghana) like a 2-3 year old in many ways and train him from that point. Some of his bahavoiur is just trying to elicit attention and sometimes it is not intentional and he is just unable to make good choices.

    When he does intentionally make bad decisions due to foolishness and pretending to be dumb we revert back to trating him younger. We don't allow him alot of room - we keep him in eyesight (like a 2 or 3 year old) we monitor all that he does and don't give him the freedom to make his own choices. It is really hard to do it - I want him to be free and have his space - and it is more demanding on me - but he needs to make the right choices. hE is learning that. Then as he continues to make good choices he starts to regain his freedom again - plays in an other room, can decide what he wants to do and where etc. I find in doing this it also helps him feel safe having these boudnaries and he is more likely to think through his behaviour.

    I also do a lot of role play and critical thinking (as part of homeschooling). Sometimes we come up with crazy scenarios but it forces him to think through what he should or would do - it also helps me to figure out where he is at.

    I empathize with you - it is hard to bring older children in and deal with these scenarios that we take for granted with those who are raised from younger. I can't imagine how hard it is to have to other children so close in age. My mother struggled with this. My little sister was adopted and has FAS (Fetal Alcohol Syndrome) and will never progress past the age of 12 with reasoning and mental skills. I have little brother who is only a year younger. My mother constantly had to hold back my sister while they gave permission to my brother to do things - because he was capable and she wasn't. She had to adjust rules and say "you can't do something until you are able to x-y-z", rather than you can't do that until your 12. It didn't prevent temper-tantrums and fights, but she had to protect my sister.

    We have a 2 yr. old also adopted from Ghana and I see that his reasoning skills and impulses are very much under control and "normal." It breaks my heart that our 9 year old has to "Learn" them still. He sees his brother naturally make decisions that he has to struggle through - Like asking for things rather than stealing. So we have made the rule (similar to my mother's) it is not based on age but on the choices and behaviours that are exhibited.

    I would very much like to enroll our eldest in numerous activities and even school, but because he is delayed in many skills, we are having to limit what he is engaged in. It is much harder work than I ever thought it would be. I was prepared for certain behaviors but I never thought about reasoning skills because I just took it for granted that all people develop it: If it is hot don't touch, if you want to keep something, don't break it, if you want something ask don't take it, If you don't feel well, tell me don't suffer by yourself, etc.Who knew that these weren't just implicit understandings?
    Now I know.

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  22. Jen ... Thanks so much for sharing your story and insights with us.

    I'm glad I'm not the only one who parents 2 children that are the same age with completely different expectations, responsibilities, privileges. When one little 8 year old isn't allowed to do all that the other little 8 year old is allowed to do, we get such bad attitude and behavior. But ... it's just not safe for her to do some of those things. And ... it wouldn't be right to not allow the other 8 year old to do things, just because his sister isn't mature enough yet.

    We, too, have intentionally withheld, not sought out, many activities for our girls ... because they just aren't ready for them. Sad. But true.

    We definitely get the "playing dumb". Our youngest does that ALL the time when it comes to school work. Yes, she may also be doing it when it comes to safety issues (like wrapping a towel around the night light). But ... it is sometimes so very hard to discern whether it is truly ignorance or foolishness.

    Yes, we get the attention-getting and sympathy-getting behavior, as well. And, again, just not always easy to discern between the true lack of maturity and/or foolishness. Definitely need to pray for more wisdom in this area.

    Thanks again, for all of your insights.

    Mama D.

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